Keywords
trace element
underwater outfall
bioindicator
environmental monitoring
How to Cite
Abstract
This study investigates the variations in metal and trace element concentrations within the Holothuria sanctori species over two years, between 2021 and 2022, with a specific focus on differences between the "Cold" and "Warm" stations. A total of 80 specimens were collected during four sampling periods, each comprising 20 individuals in the months of January and August. The selection of Punta del Hidalgo as the sampling area was based on the presence of this species in the intertidal zone and the observation of a higher number of specimens in the vicinity of an underwater outfall. The analysis of metal contents (Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Cr, and Fe in mg/kg) revealed significant differences in concentrations between the "Cold" and "Warm" stations across the study years. The warm station consistently displayed higher metal levels, with notable increments observed in zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), and iron (Fe). Variations in metal concentrations within H. sanctori during the summer months at the warm station can be attributed to seasonal weather conditions, increased tourist activities, and ocean currents transporting contaminants. The study underscores the importance of monitoring and controlling exposure to toxic metals. Limits established for cadmium, lead, and nickel exposure provide crucial data for public health policies and environmental regulations, safeguarding against adverse effects of chronic metal exposure.
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