Palabras clave
oligoelemento
emisario submarino
bioindicador
monitoreo ambiental
Cómo citar
Resumen
En esta investigación se estudian las variaciones en las concentraciones de metales y oligoelementos dentro de la especie Holothuria sanctori durante dos años, entre 2021 y 2022, con un enfoque específico en las diferencias entre las estaciones "Frías" y "Cálidas". Se colectaron un total de 80 ejemplares durante cuatro períodos de muestreo, comprendiendo cada uno 20 individuos en los meses de enero y agosto. La selección de Punta del Hidalgo como área de muestreo se basó en la presencia de esta especie en la zona intermareal y la observación de un mayor número de ejemplares en las cercanías de un emisario submarino. El análisis de los contenidos de metales (Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Cr y Fe en mg/kg) reveló diferencias significativas en las concentraciones entre las estaciones "Frías" y "Cálidas" a lo largo de los años de estudio. La estación caliente mostró consistentemente niveles de metales más altos, con incrementos notables observados en zinc (Zn), cadmio (Cd), plomo (Pb), cobre (Cu), níquel (Ni), cromo (Cr) y hierro (Fe). Las variaciones en las concentraciones de metales dentro de H. sanctori durante los meses de verano en la estación cálida pueden atribuirse a las condiciones climáticas estacionales, el aumento de las actividades turísticas y las corrientes oceánicas que transportan contaminantes. El estudio subraya la importancia de monitorear y controlar la exposición a metales tóxicos. Los límites establecidos para la exposición al cadmio, el plomo y el níquel proporcionan datos cruciales para las políticas de salud pública y las regulaciones ambientales, salvaguardando contra los efectos adversos de la exposición crónica a metales.
Citas
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