Palabras clave
hematología
diagnóstico molecular
becerros
Zulia
Cómo citar
Resumen
Este estudio evaluó la situación sanitaria en la Finca La Aurora, municipio Colón, estado Zulia, con el objetivo de correlacionar el diagnóstico clínico presuntivo y los hallazgos parasitológicos en becerros con sospecha de tripanosomosis crónica. Se evaluaron diez animales mediante métodos clínicos, hematológicos y parasitológicos convencionales y no convencionales. Los análisis hematológicos revelaron anemia normocítica hipocrómica, leucocitosis, linfocitosis, neutropenia y eosinofilia. No obstante, ninguna de las pruebas parasitológicas directas logró evidenciar el parásito, demostrando una correlación negativa entre la signología clínica y la sensibilidad de las técnicas tradicionales en fases crónicas. Se concluye que las limitaciones diagnósticas impiden un veredicto definitivo mediante parasitología convencional, por lo que se recomienda implementar pruebas de alta sensibilidad molecular o serológica (PCR o ELISA), intensificar el control de vectores hematófagos y optimizar el manejo sanitario integral del rebaño.
Citas
Bastos, Th; Farias, A; Cavalcante, A; Carvalho, D; Beltran, D; Nicaretta, J; Bueno, L; Heller, L; Monteiro, L; Soares, V; Cadioli, F. y Zanetti, W. (2020a). Comparison of therapeutic efficacy of different drugs against Trypanosoma vivax on experimentaly infected cattle. Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 181: 105040.
Bastos, Th; Farias, A; Cavalcante, A; Carvalho, D; Beltran, D; Nicaretta, J; Bueno, L; Heller, L; Monteiro, L; Castro, D; Lopes, L; Soares, V; Cadioli, F. y Zanetti, W. (2020b). Infection capacity of Trypanosoma vivax experimental inoculate through different routes in bovines with latent Anaplasma marginale. Experimental Parasitology. 211: 107861.
Bolivar, A; Garcia, P; Crisante, G; Rojas, A; Teixeira, M. y Anez, N. (2006). Deteccion de infecciones subclinicas por Tripanosoma vivax en bovinos de fincas ganaderas de Merida, Venezuela. Boletin de Malariologia y Salud Ambiental. 46(1).
Chukwu, I; Ugwu, M; Iroha, I; Mbagwu, I; Okafor, U. y Ajaghaku, A. (2022). Antitrypanosomal activity of Argemone Mexicana extract and fractions in the animal model of Trypanosoma brucei brucei infection. Open Veterinary Science. 3(1): 20-34.
Dagnachew, Sh; Bezie, M; Terefe, G; Abebe, G; Barry, J. y Goddeeris, B. (2015). Comparative clinico-haematological analysis in young Zebu cattle experimentally infected with Trypanosoma vivax isolates from tsetse infested and non-tsetse infested areas of northwest Ethiopia. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. 57(1): 24.
Desquesnes, M. (2017). Compendium of standard diagnostic protocols for animal Trypanosomes of African origin. OIE. Montpellier 2017.
Desquesnes, M; Gonzatti, M; Sazmand, A; Thevenon, S; Bossard, G; Boulange, A; Gimonneau, G; Truc, Ph; Herder, S; Ravel, S; Sereno, D; Jamonneau, V; Jittapalapong, S; Jacquiet, Ph; Solano, Ph. y Berthier, D. (2022). A review on the diagnosis of animal Trypanosomoses. Parasites and Vectors. 15:64.
Dias, R; Bastos, Th; Heller, L; Monteiro, L; Beltran, D; Cavalcante, A; Bueno, L; Nicaretta, J; Iuasse, H; Lopes, L; Soares, V; Lino, G; Cadioli, F. y Zanetti, W. (2022). How many cattle can be infected by Trypanosoma vivax by reusing the same needle and syringe, and what is the viability time of this protozoan in injectable veterinary products? Parasitology. 149(2): 270-282.
Espinoza, E; Gonzalez, N; Aso, P; Caballero, H; Fuenmayor, J. y Hidalgo, L. (2000). Leucograma en novillas y becerros (Holstein) infectados con una cepa venezolana de Trypanosoma vivax. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira. 35(3): 647-652.
Fesseha, H; Eshetu, E; Mathewos, M. y Tilante, T. (2023). Study on bovine Trypanosomiasis and associated risk factors in Benatsemay Distric, Southern Ethiopia. BioOne. Environmental Health Inside. 16(1): 1-11.
Fetene, E; Leta, S; Regassa, F. y Buscher, Ph. (2021). Global distribution, host ranger and prevalence of Trypanosoma vivax: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Parasites and Vectors. 14:80.
Fidelis, O; Sampaio, P; Machado, R; Andre, M; Marques, L. y Cadioli, F. (2016). Evaluation of clinical sings, parasitaemia, hematologic and biochemical changes in cattle experimentally infected with Trypanosoma vivax. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Parasitology. 25(1): 69-81.
Fidelis, O; Sampaio, P; Goncalves, L; Andre, M; Machado, R; Wijffels, G. y Cadioli, F. (2019). Comparison of conventional and molecular techniques for Trypanosoma vivax diagnosis in experimentally infected cattle. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Parasitology. 28(2): 203-209.
Fidelis, O; Sampaio, P; Goncalves, L; Andre, M; Machado, R; Wijffels, G. y Cadioli, F. (2021). A preliminary study on the relationship between parasitaemia and cytokine expression of peripheral blood cells in Trypanosoma vivax-experimentally infected cattle. Animals. 11:3191.
Garcia, H; Rangel, A; Contreras, I; Garcia, M; Garcia, F. y Perrone, T. (2009). Caracterizacion molecular de Tripanosoma vivax en ovinos naturalmente infectados en dos hatos de los Municipios San Fernando y Biruaca, Estado Apure, Venezuela. Revista Cientifica. 19(3).
Garcia, H.; Garcia, M. E.; Perez, G.; Bethencourt, A.; Zerpa, E. y Mendoza-Leon, A. (2006). Trypanosomiasis in Venezuelan water buffaloes: association of packed-cell volumes with seroprevalence and current trypanosome infection. Annals of Tropical Medicine y Parasitology. 100(4): 297-305.
Getahun, M; Ngiela, J; Makwatta, J; Ahuya, P; Simon, T; Kamau, S; Torto, B. y Masiga, D. (2022). Metabolite from Trypanosome-Infected cattle as sensitive biomarkers for animal Trypanosomosis. Frontiers in Microbiology. 13:922760.
Gomide, G; Lopes, L; Silva, A; Santos, M; Ferreira, A; Steindel, M; Grisard, E; Miletti, L; Castanheira, D; Bueno, L; Lima, R. y Fujiwuara, R. (2021). A recombinant protein (MyxoTLm) for the serological diagnosis of acute and chronic Trypanosoma vivax infection in cattle. Veterinary Parasitology. 296: 109495.
Gonzalez, J. y Melendez, R. (2007). Seroprevalencia de la Tripanosomosis y Anaplasmosis bovina en el Municipio Juan Jose Mora del estado Carabobo, Venezuela, mediante la tecnica de Elisa. Revista Cientifica. 17(5).
Gupta, S; Vohra, S; Sethi, K; Gupta, S; Chandra, B; Kumar, S. y Kumar, R. (2022). In vitro anti-trypanosomal effect of ivermectin on Trypanosoma evansi by targeting multiple metabolic pathways. Tropical Animal Health and Production. 54:240.
Jaimes, J; Triana, O. y Mejia, A. (2018). Spatial-temporal and phylogeographic characterization of Trypanosoma spp in cattle (Bos taurus) and Buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) reveals transmission dynamic of these parasites in Colombia. Veterinary Parasitology. 249(1): 30-42.
Jaimes, J; Mogollon, E; Arias, N; Rangel, D; Jimenez, A; Mejia, A. y Triana, O. (2021). Molecular surveillance of Trypanosoma spp reveals different clinical and epidemiological characteristics associated with the infection in three creole cattle breeds from Colombia. Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 193: 105414.
Jones, M. y Allison, R. (2007). Evaluation of the ruminant complete blood cell count. VetFood. The Clinics. 23(2): 377-402.
Kessell, A. (2015). Bovine hematology and biochemistry. In Cockcroft, P (Ed). Bovine Medicine. 3rd Ed. Wiley y son's. UK. Ch 16. 146-160.
Luckins, A. (2006). Methods for diagnosis of Trypanosomiasis in livestock. FAO.ORG.
Machado, R; Garcia, K; Goncalves, L; Machado, G; Rui, M; Oliveira, R; Jussiani, G; Vieira, T; Unno, L; Jackson, A; Wright, G. y Geraldes, M. (2021). Detection of Trypanosoma vivax in tissues of experimentally infected goats: what is the role of adipose tissue in the life cycle of this protozoon? Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Parasitology. 30(4): e017721.
Monteiro, L; Bastos, Th; Heller, L; Beltran, D; Cavalcante, A; Nicaretta, J; Bueno, L; Melo, R; Lopes, L; Soares, V; Cadioli, F; Mendonca, R. y Zanetti, W. (2021). In vitro and in vivo effectiveness of disinfectants against Trypanosoma vivax. Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports. 25:100587.
Monteiro, L; Heller, L; Beltran, D; Moura, M; Costa, G; Cavalcante, A; Riveiro, N; Bastos, Th; Lopes, L; Soares, V; Lino, G; Cadioli, F. y Zanetti, W. (2022). Presence of Trypanosoma vivax DNA in cattle semen and reproductive tissues and relate changes in sperm parameters. Veterinary Parasitology. 309:109761.
Murilla, G; Ndung'u, K; Joanna, A; Purity, G. y Thuita, J. (2016). Isolation and cryopreservation of Trypanosomes and their vectors for research and development in resource-constrained settings. IntechOpen. Chapter I: 3-32.
Olatunde, O; Jegede, H. y Ameen, S. (2021). Hematological, serum biochemical and histopathological effects of selected herbs and combinations on Trypanosoma brucei infected West African dwarf sheep. Asian Journal of Natural Production Biochemistry. 19(1): 10-16.
Oliveira, M; Souza, F; Silva, A; Monteiro, F; Santos, L; Raimundo, D; Wouters, F; Barth, A; Peconick, A. y Varaschin, M. (2019). Epizootic infection by Trypanosoma vivax in cattle from the state of Minas Gerais. Brazil. Korean Journal of Parasitology. 57(2): 191-195.
Pino-Ramirez, D. (2002). Exploracion del individuo y del rebano. Examen del sistema digestivo. Fundamentos del diagnostico clinico en grandes animales (pp. 69-154, 269-366). Ediciones Astro Data.
Querubino, A; Lopes, C; Cavalcanti, R; Sampaio, P; Fidelis, O; Andre, M; Machado, R. y Bastos, J. (2019). Diagnostic, clinical and epidemiological aspects of dairy cows naturally infected by Trypanosoma vivax in the states of Pernanbuco and Alagoas, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Medicine. 41: e094319.
Rodrigues, C; Batista, J; Lima, J; Freitas, F; Barros, I; Garcia, H; Rodrigues, A; Camargo, E. y Texeira, M. (2015). Field and experimental symptomless infections support wandering donkeys as healthy carriers of Trypanosoma vivax in the Brazilian semiarid, a region of outbreaks of high mortality in cattle and sheep. Parasites and Vectors. 8:564.
Silva, A; Molosse, V; Deolindo, G; Cecere, B; Vitt, M; Nascimento, L; Neves, G; Sartor, J; Sartori, V; Baldissera, M. y Miletti, L. (2022). Trypanosoma vivax infection in dairy cattle parasitological and serological diagnosis and its relationship with the percentage of red blood cells. Microbial Pathogenesis. 166:105495.
Silva, J. A.; Batista, J. S.; Milleo, H. P.; Rodrigues, C. M.; Campello, A. C. y Mota, R. A. (2009). Infection by Trypanosoma vivax in goats and sheep in the Brazilian semiarid region: from acute disease outbreak to chronic cryptic infection. Veterinary Parasitology. 165(1-2): 131-135.
Simoes, D; Sanchez, M; Gonzalez, Y; Rivera F; Parra, R; Gil, M; Garcia, M; Quijada, J. y Garcia, F. (2009). Brote de Tripanosomosis en un rebano doble proposito del Municipio Mara del Estado Zulia, Venezuela. Ciencia. 17(2): 124-132.
Suarez, C; Garcia, F; Roman, D; Coronado, A; Perrone, T; Reyna, A. y Parra, N. (2009). Factores de riesgo asociados a la Tripanosomosis bovina en explotaciones ganaderas de Venezuela. Zootecnia Tropical. 27(4): 363-372.
Tamasaukas, R; Agudo, L; Silva, A; Florio, J; Vintimilla, M. y Riveras, S. (2010). Hemoparasitosis en ganaderia doble proposito venezolana, diagnostico y control: Una revision. Agronomia Mesoamericana. 21(2): 367-381.
Tamasaukas, R.; Florio-Luis, J.; Agudo, L.; Roa, N.; Ruiz, I. y Tamasaukas, C. (2013). Diagnostico participativo de hemotropicos en bovinos de doble proposito de pequenos productores en la region sur del Estado Aragua, Republica Bolivariana de Venezuela. Revista Iberoamericana de Produccion Animal. 17(2): 78-87.
Zapata, R; Cardona, E; Reyes, J; Triana, O; Pena, V; Rios, L; Barahona, R. y Polanco, D. (2017). Tripanosomiasis bovina en ganaderia lechera de tropico alto: Primer informe de Haematobia irritans como principal vector de T. vivax y T. evansi en Colombia. Revista de Medicina Veterinaria. 33(1): 21-34.
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Ceres